Definition
Foreclosure (Ro.: procedură de executare silită, Fr.: saisie immobilière, n.f., Gr.: αναγκαστική εκτέλεση, Cz.: zabavení věci pro neplacení hypotéky) (See also: borrower, creditor, debtor, mortgage, obligation) = refers to the legal proceeding by which the lender tries to recover a loan from the borrower, who is unable to continue making loan payments.
Judicial ~ (Ro.: procedură de executare silită efectuată în baza unei hotărâri judecătorești, Fr.: procédure judiciaire de saisie, n.f.) = the legal proceeding requiring a court order, in order for the creditor to be able to recover his/ her loan from the debtor.
Non-judicial ~ (Ro.: procedură de recuperare a bunurilor neaflate în procedură de executare silită, a bunurilor ipotecate nesechestrate, Fr.: saisie non juridique, n.f.) = a proceeding allowing the creditor to recover his/ her loan from the debtor outside of the court, under the provisions of the state law.
Useful links
Legislation
https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/846 - Real Estate Foreclosure, Chapter 846, Wisconsin Statutes, USA [English]
https://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartIII/TitleIII/Chapter244 - Foreclosure and Redemption of Mortgages, Chapter 244, Massachusetts General Law, USA [English]
http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichCodeArticle.do?idArticle=LEGIARTI000020639417&cidTexte=LEGITEXT000005634379 - Code de Commerce, Article L622-26, France [French]
http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichCodeArticle.do?cidTexte=LEGITEXT000006070716&idArticle=LEGIARTI000006410860&dateTexte=&categorieLien=cid - Code de procédure civile, Article 540, France [French]
http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2010/19/section/1 - Mortgage Repossessions (Protection of Tenants etc.) Act 2010, UK [English]
http://www.legislation.gov.uk/asp/2010/6/pdfs/asp_20100006_en.pdf - Home Owner and Debtor Protection (Scotland) Act 2010, Scotland [English]
http://www.codproceduracivila.ro/legislatie/document/lege-134-din-2015-codul-de-procedura-civila-carte-5-despre-executarea-silita-1183-69601-pagina-6.html - Civil Procedure Code, Book V, Art. 665, Romania [Romanian]
Case Law
http://www.masscases.com/cases/sjc/460/460mass327.html - Housing Court Department, Boston Division, Bank of New York v. KC Bailey, 2011
http://masscases.com/cases/land/17/17lcr679.html - Land Court Department, U.S. Bank National Association v. Antonio Ibanez, 2009
http://masscases.com/cases/sjc/462/462mass569.html - Superior Court Department, Suffolk, Henrietta Eaton v. Federal National Mortgage Association, 2012
http://masscases.com/cases/sjc/470/470mass284.html - United States Court of Appeals, Easthampton Savings Bank & Others v. City of Springfield, 2014
http://law.justia.com/cases/new-york/other-courts/2009/2009-50191.html - Supreme Court, Kings County, Deutsche Bank National Trust Company v. Linda Bailey, 2009
http://law.justia.com/cases/new-york/other-courts/2008/2008-50199.html - Supreme Court, Kings County, Wells Fargo Bank v. Hillary Farmer, 2008
http://law.justia.com/cases/new-york/other-courts/2009/2009-51471.html - Supreme Court, Suffolk County, Deutsche Bank National Trust Co. v. Torres, 2009
http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichJuriJudi.do?oldAction=rechJuriJudi&idTexte=JURITEXT000027367257&fastReqId=151356334&fastPos=1 - Cour de cassation, civile, Chambre commerciale, N° 11-25.963, 2013
Organisations and associations
http://www.mbaa.org/files/resourcecenter/foreclosureprocess/judicialversusnon-judicialforeclosure.pdf - Judicial Versus Non-Judicial Foreclosure, Mortgage Bankers Association (USA)
Online Publications
http://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/timeline-judicial-foreclosure.html - Timeline for a Judicial Foreclosure, Nolo.com
http://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/non-judicial_foreclosure - Non-Judicial Foreclosure, Legal Information Institute
http://www.realtytrac.com/real-estate-guides/foreclosure/judicial-vs-non-judicial-foreclosure/ - Judicial vs. Non-Judicial Foreclosure, Realty Trac
Publications
Denisart, Jean Baptiste, Camus, Armand-Gaston, Bayard, Jean B., 1789, Collection de décisions nouvelles et de notions relatives à la jurisprudence, Volume 8, Paris, Desaint, p. 732
Dalloz, M., Tournemine, M., 1826, Recueil critique de jurisprudence et de législation, Paris, Dalloz, p. 239