Definition
Estoppel (RO.: interdicţia pentru o autoritate publică sau juridică de a se contrazice în ceea ce priveşte declaraţiile anterioare, în detrimentul părţilor, Gr.: δεδικασμένο, Cz.: sjednocovací stanovisko) (See also: affirmative defense, entrapment, res judicata) = a legal principle that prevents a public or juridical authority from making statements which are contrary to the already established truth.
cause of action ~ (Ro.: autoritate de lucru judecat în ceea ce priveşte cauza acţiunii) = a form of judicial estoppel in which the judgments pronounced in previous legal proceedings prevent the parties from litigating the same causes of action.
issue ~ (Ro.: autoritate de lucru judecat cu privire la obiectul acţiunii) = a form of estoppel by record, in which the previously pronounced judgments prevent the parties from litigating the same issues.
promissory ~ (Ro.: inadmisibilitate a probelor împotriva declaraţiilor anterioare ale unei persoane, Gr.: κεκτημένο δικαίωμα από σύμβαση) = in British law and in contract law, this concept prevents one party from breaking a promise made to another party, thus denying the existence of the contract.
proprietary ~ (Ro.: inadmisibilitate a probelor împotriva declaraţiilor anterioare ale unei persoane în ceea ce priveşte dreptul de proprietate, Gr.: κεκτημένο δικαίωμα που αφορά στα ακίνητα) = this concept does not apply in American law, it mainly concerns real property rights.
Useful links
Legislation
Romanian Code of Civil Procedure, Art. 430, 431, 432- Estoppel
Articles 321-334 of the Greek Civil Procedure Code [Greek]
Case law
ALBANIA
http://echr.ketse.com/doc/10508.02-en-20071023/view/ ECtHR- Case of Gjonbocari and others v. Albania, 2007
ROMANIA
http://www.scj.ro/strasbourg/BRUMARESCU1-Romania%20EN.htm ECtHR- Case of Brumărescu v. Romania, 1999
http://www.scj.ro/strasbourg/BRUMARESCU2-Romania%20EN.htm ECtHR- Case of Brumărescu v. Romania, 2001
RUSSIA
http://hudoc.echr.coe.int/sites/eng/pages/search.aspx?i=001-91222#{"itemid":["001-91222"]} ECtHR- Case of Sergey Zolothukin v. Russia, 2009
SWEDEN
http://hudoc.echr.coe.int/sites/eng/pages/search.aspx?i=001-60627#{"itemid":["001-60627"]} ECtHR- Case of Vastberga Taxi Aktiebolag and Vulic v. Sweden, 2002
http://hudoc.echr.coe.int/sites/eng/pages/search.aspx?i=001-60628#{"itemid":["001-60628"]} ECtHR- Case of Janosevic v. Sweden, 2002
Online articles
http://www.schwabe.com/pdf/judicial_estoppel.pdf- Campbell, J., Howard, C., Judicial Estoppel
http://www.jonesday.com/california-law-on-judicial-estoppel-02-01-2007/- Silver, S., California Law on Judicial Estoppel
http://www.lawnix.com/cases/promissory-estoppel.html - Promissory Estoppel
Publications
http://sydney.edu.au/about/leadership/vc/australian_estoppel.pdf- Spence, M., 1997, Australian Estoppel and the Protection of Reliance, Journal of Contract Law, no. 11.
http://www.reasonpapers.com/pdf/17/rp_17_4.pdf – Kinsella, S., Estoppel: a new justification for individual rights, Reason Papers, no. 17, Texas.
By Oana Gligan