Definition
Trespass (See also: assault, battery, false imprisonment, personal property, real property, unlawful entry) = (in criminal law) an intentional and unlawful breaching of another’s property through violence or with a criminal purpose.
~ to the person (Ro.: distrugere/ violare de domiciliu, Fr.: atteinte directe, n.f./ intrusion illicite, n.f., Gr.: καταπάτηση, Cz.: neoprávněný vstup na cizí pozemek) = a person’s act of intentionally causing injury to the plaintiff’s person, rights, or property, through assault, battery, or false imprisonment, without justification or consent.
(in tort law and in property law) an injury caused by unauthorised interference with a person’s property rights.
~ action (Ro.: acţiune civilă pentru protecţia juridică a dreptului de proprietate, Fr.: action pour atteinte directe/ intrusion/ atteinte immobilière, n.f.) = a remedy used by a victim in order to recover damages or receive compensation for injury caused by unauthorised interference with the plaintiff’s personal property
~ to land (Ro.: tulburare de posesie/ violare a dreptului de proprietate, Fr.: intrusion, n.f./ atteinte immobilière, n.f./ atteinte à la possession, n.f./ violation du droit de propriété, n.f.) = a person’s intentional interference with another person’s real property without permission, license, justification, or necessity.
Useful links
Legislation
http://www.statutes.legis.state.tx.us/Docs/PE/htm/PE.30.htm - Texas Penal Code, Title 7, Chapter 30, USA [English]
http://legeaz.net/noul-cod-penal/art-224 - Romanian Criminal Code, Art. 224, Romania [Romanian]
http://legeaz.net/noul-cod-penal/art-253 - Romanian Criminal Code, Art. 253, Romania [Romanian]
http://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichCodeArticle.do?idArticle=LEGIARTI000028776961&cidTexte=LEGITEXT000006070719 – French Criminal Code, Art. 226-4-2, France [French]
http://law.justia.com/codes/maryland/2013/article-gcr/section-6-402/ - Maryland Criminal Code, § 6-402, USA [English]
http://legislature.idaho.gov/idstat/Title18/T18CH70.htm - Idaho Code, Title 18, Chapter 70, USA [English]
http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1994/33/section/68 - Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994, Section 68, UK [English]
http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/html/statutes/english/elaws_statutes_90t21_e.htm - Ontario Trespass to Property Act, Chapter T.21, Canada [English]
Case Law
http://www.bailii.org/ew/cases/EWCA/Crim/1997/633.html - Gaetano Constanza, R v. [1997] EWCA Crim 633, England and Wales Court of Appeal (Criminal Division) Decisions
http://www.bailii.org/uk/cases/UKHL/1997/34.html - Burstow R v. Ireland, R v. [1997] UKHL 34, United Kingdom House of Lords Decisions
http://www.bailii.org/ew/cases/EWCA/Civ/1964/5.html - Letang v. Cooper [1964] EWCA Civ 5, England and Wales Court of Appeal (Civil Division) Decisions
http://www.bailii.org/ew/cases/EWCA/Civ/2000/2116.html - Watson v. British Boxing Board of Control Limited [2000] EWCA Civ 2116, England and Wales Court of Appeal (Civil Division) Decisions
http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/scripts/getcase.pl?navby=CASE&court=US&vol=328&page=256#260 - United States v. Causby, 328 U.S. 256 (1946) U.S. Supreme Court
https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/447/74/case.html - Pruneyard Shopping Center v. Robins, 447 U.S. 74 (1980), U.S. Supreme Court
https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/1704302/roberts-river-rides-v-steamboat-dev/ - Robert's River Rides, Inc. v. Steamboat Development Corporation and City of Bettendorf v. State of Iowa, Supreme Court of Iowa, 1994
Online Publications
http://stcroix.uwex.edu/files/2010/05/Wisconsin-Trespass-Law-PDF-3-pages-32-KB.pdf - Harris, Philip E., Wisconsin's Trespass Law, University of Wisconsin
http://www.mylawyer.co.uk/trespassing-a-A76076D34460/ - Trespassing
http://law.wlu.edu/deptimages/Law%20Review/66-2Ledgerwood.pdf - Ledgerwood, Garrett, 2009, Virtually Liable, Wash. & Lee Law Review 66
Publications
Anderson, Owen L., 2010, Subsurface 'Trespass': A Man's Subsurface is Not His Castle, Washburn Law Journal
Elliott, Catherine, Quinn, Frances, 2007, Tort Law, 6th edition, New York, Pearson Longman
Epstein, Richard A., 2003, Cybertrespass, University of Chicago Law Review 73
Saba, John D. Jr., 2002, Internet Property Rights: E- trespass, St. Mary's Law Journal 33
Schoenberg, Tom, 2003, Supreme Court Examines Trespassing Policy, Legal Times
Smith, Kenneth, Keenan, Denis J., 2004, English Law, 14th edition, New York, Pearson Education Ltd.
By Ana Pintea