Definition
Pooling agreement (Ro.: Contract prin care acționarii transferă drepturi de vot sau acțiuni cu drept de vot unui reprezentant, Gr.: σύμβαση κοινοπραξίας, Cz.: dohoda o společném postupu, Cr.: sporazum o suradnji) (See also: voting trust, shareholder agreement, proxy agreement, voting agreement) = a contract through which shareholders transfer their voting rights to a third party (trustee). In voting trusts, the transfer involves the voting shares, not only the rights. The purpose of the agreement is to combine the voting power of shareholders for situations involving director elections or any important decisions concerning the company and it is occasionally used to gain control of the corporation.
Useful links
Legislation
http://webserver.rilin.state.ri.us/Statutes/title7/7-1.2/7-1.2-709.HTM - Rhode Island Business Corporation Act, PART 7-1.2-70, Shareholders
http://codes.ohio.gov/orc/1701.49 - Ohio Revised Code, Title XVII Corporations- Partnerships, Chapter 1701: General Corporation Law
http://www.legislation.gov.hk/blis_ind.nsf/e1bf50c09a33d3dc482564840019d2f4/9c29c24e64f94027c82564830033af3b?OpenDocument – Cessation of application of pooling agreement
http://apps.leg.wa.gov/rcw/default.aspx?cite=23B.07.300 - Washington State Legistrature, Voting Trusts
http://law.justia.com/codes/new-jersey/2013/title-14a/section-14a-5-20 - 2013 New Jersey Revised StatutesTitle 14A - CORPORATIONS, GENERAL Section 14A:5-20 - Voting trust
http://www.legislature.mi.gov/(S(i52odzvacg3vbeznfcawci45))/mileg.aspx?page=getObject&objectName=mcl-450-1466 – Michigan Legislative Website, BUSINESS CORPORATION ACT (EXCERPT), Voting trust agreement; certificates.
Organizations and associations
https://www.nickspradlin.com/voting_trust.php - The Law Offices of Nick Spradlin, Voting Trust
http://www.allenderlaw.com/newsletters/estate-planning-newsletter/voting-trusts/ - Allender & Allender, Attorneys at Law, Voting Trust
Publications
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2234348 – Roth, Markus, 2013, Shareholders’ Agreements in Listed Companies: Germany
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=837645 – Adams, Renee B. and Santos, Joao A. C., 2006, Identifying the Effect of Managerial Control on Frim Performance
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=891671 - Santos, Joao A. C. and Wilson, Kristin E., 2008, Does Banks’ Corporate Control Benefit Frims? Evidence from US Banks’ Control Over Firms’ Voting rights
Online Publications
http://www.jstor.org/stable/784807 - Pooling Agreements among Stockholders, The Yale Law Journal
http://digitalcommons.law.uga.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1084&context=stu_llm - Ricardo Molano León , Shareholders’ Agreements In Close Corporations
http://scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3530&context=californialawreview - Corporations: Voting Trusts and Irrevocable Proxies, California Law Review
http://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4248&context=ilj - Robert W. Miller, Voting Trusts, Indiana Law Journal
http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=5280&context=fss_papers - Simeon E. Baldwin, Voting-Trusts, Yale Law School Faculty Scholarship
By Alexandru Coraș